Problems of Team Cohesiveness in Online Courses

Problems of Team Cohesiveness in Online Courses Introduction When working with an online group, team cohesiveness is crucial for sharing of information and improving each member’s knowledge. The main challenge that befalls online courses teams is how to develop cohesiveness with the team members who might come from different cultural, economical, social, and political background; however with strategic moves, the cohesion can be developed (Parker, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Problems of Team Cohesiveness in Online Courses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper discusses how to improve team cohesiveness and the benefits that will be attained from health cohesion. Improving team cohesiveness To improve cohesiveness among online members when conferencing members should be allowed to discuss matters that are outside the main topic for some time; although care should be exercised that the amount of time taken does not deviate the main topics to c over. The matters that can bring people together include once culture, political situation in their country, some life experiences that they might have undergone and they are willing to share, hobbies and likes. Other than communicating via the teleconferencing, members should be encouraged to be members of the same social network site as they will be able to discuss other issue of life that will facilitate them opening up and creating the much needed cohesion. When it comes on the part of the course, the team should manage the course such that every member is given a chance to handle a certain topic them train the other members; with such moves, members will feel they are accountable of each other and their cohesion builds. Another aspect that builds cohesion among people is conflicts management and sharing of experiences; in the case there will be an occurrence that calls for solving among the team members, every member should be involves in looking for a solution. When this happe ns, everyone will feel appreciated and a member of the larger team.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Benefits of team cohesion When working with a team that has a healthy cohesion, every member feels accountable and answerable to the larger group, with the feeling everyone works for the good of the other and thus team spirit is facilitated. When working in a team, communication and unselfish sharing of information is crucial, this can only be attained when the team has a good relation that is build through cohesion. There are times that conflicts among the members hinder the delivery of quality results, however when a team is well bonded, then such occurrences are unlikely to happen. Teams that have strong cohesion among themselves are highly motivated and fulfill their tasks and obligations in the team effectively; they are willing to learn and be taught by their c ounterparts. Motivation among members gives rise to high morale of fulfilling tasks that one has been allocated by the team and doing them diligently and on time. When challenged by other team members, member will be taking it positive and work to improve on the areas that have been pointed by others. Teams with good cohesiveness among themselves attain their targets and objectives with ease (Crother-Laurin, 2006). Conclusion Team cohesion is crucial for performance improvement among team members; it creates team spirit and promotes accountability of each team member. To promote the growth of team cohesiveness, team members need to respect each other opinion and criticize others positively. Team with high cohesiveness perform better and are more likely to attain their goals and objectives with ease. References Crother-Laurin, C. (2006). Effective Teams: A Symptom of Healthy Leadership. The Journal for Quality and Participation, 29(3), 4.Advertising We will write a custom ess ay sample on Problems of Team Cohesiveness in Online Courses specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Parker, G. ,(2009). Team Leadership: 20 Proven Tools for Success. New Jersey: Human Resource Development Press.

Word Choice Elicit vs. Illicit - Proofread My Papers Academic Blog

Word Choice Elicit vs. Illicit - Proofread My Papers Academic Blog Word Choice: Elicit vs. Illicit Some words sound so alike you’d struggle to hear the difference, even when they’re obviously distinct on paper. Understandably, it’s easy to get such words confused. For example, â€Å"elicit† and â€Å"illicit† are similarly pronounced; however, they diverge significantly in spelling and meaning, so you wouldn’t want to mix them up in your written work. But what exactly is the difference? And how should these terms be used? Elicit (Draw Out or Evoke) The term â€Å"elicit† is a verb meaning â€Å"to draw forth or bring out† and often used when something is done to provoke a reaction or obtain information: At first he ignored me, but a few probing questions eventually elicited an answer. Usually, â€Å"elicit† is reserved for deliberate attempts to gain a response, but it can simply describe being affected by something: The death of her childhood hero elicited an emotional response. Illicit (Illegal or Forbidden) Something â€Å"illicit† is either illegal or counter to society’s moral standards: Until recently, Cuban cigars were an illicit tobacco product. Although Ted and Diane were happily married to other people, they could not deny their illicit love. Note the second sentence above is merely something of which society disapproves (an extramarital affair) rather than something illegal. Elicit or Illicit? As you can see, these terms have very little in common beyond the way they sound when spoken. For example, it wouldn’t make sense to say something â€Å"illicited a response† or to refer to stolen goods as â€Å"elicit items†! Luckily, since â€Å"illicit† is a synonym for â€Å"illegal† and both start with â€Å"ill-,† it’s pretty easy to remember which word to use in any given situation: Is what you’re describing against the law or forbidden? If so, use the adjective â€Å"illicit†; Are you describing something that has provoked a response? If so, use the verb â€Å"elicit.†

Would you agree with the proposition that the physical geography was Article

Would you agree with the proposition that the physical geography was the main factor in the emergence and expansion of the early large political systems of West Africa - Article Example These are the regions shared by these vast kingdoms that inhabited these areas since the ancient times. This paper seeks to establish the authenticity of the idea that physical geography was the main factor for the emergence and expansion of the political systems in this region. The values of land in relation to the economic activities of the people that live in this place are the key factors that would influence the geographical stay. The entire region share a collection of ancient and modern ways of life and the historical divisions of the periods of development from prehistory to the post independent era dictates all the activities that have been going on in the region. In the 16th century, kingdoms started building themselves up on the coast of West Africa. Ghana was to the far west, a kingdom that was ruled entirely by kings and was therefore stable. The economy of these people, which highly contributed to the specific regions they settled, was made up of iron, gold mining and agriculture. These were traded with the Berber communities from the northern part of the Sahara. To the east of Ghana kingdom, the Mande people had the Mali kingdom practicing trade. The Mali people were typically traders and this was influenced by their position along the trade routes. They occupied land between the forests and the desert. This allowed them to control trade in the Sahara region. The trade was in golden items from neighboring regions of the Ghana and therefore creating a leeway for the actual development of the slave trade. The Ghana Empire lived in a gold rich region and the king was so proud that he called himself the richest man he had ever seen. This means that he would not move his kingdom to another place or be driven away by an enemy power because of this pride and happiness of living in a gold region. Large dynasties like the Songhai were more powerful but there was more

Fit And Filling Facility For The Elderly Assignment

Fit And Filling Facility For The Elderly - Assignment Example The most notable features of the space around and within the park are that the pathways are paved using colored concrete blocks. The paving of the pathways and the common areas are done using different colors, and that choice was made for different reasons. First, the choice of white materials for the pathways was made to guarantee that hygiene levels would remain as high as possible. Secondly, the different colors for the pavements will help the aged suffering from dementia to recall their respective rooms, and their way to facilities like the health center, the shopping center, and common facility amenities. From the outside, towards the front side of the facility, there is a pathway heading to the suburban shopping mall which is located about 50 meters from the facility. At the shopping mall, there are many of the stores that an aged person would need to visit, including a bread shop, a Starbucks outlet, and a wellness center, which provides aerobics, physical fitness, and physiotherapy services. From the outside, a visitor can see the two-bedroom apartments of different sizes, ranging from 825 to 2000 square feet. At one extreme side of the facility, close to the fence, there is the health center, where the elderly living at the facility are rushed for urgent medical care (Secker et al., 2003). At different sections of the facility, the common open parks will have different plant species, in order to help the aged to remember their respective house and the entrance to their main hall.

Political Economy Theory Essay Example for Free

Political Economy Theory Essay The political economy in mass media theory argues that the structure of the industry influences content. _(Andrejevic M, 2007)._ This theory will be demonstrated by analysing an article entitled _'Skys the limit for MySpace_, published on _News.com.au_ on August 10th 2007. The presumption of the theory is that media content is influenced by a combination of the media owners (individuals or corporations), advertisers, competitors/other media, government regulations and viewers or readers. In the case of media ownership, Private individuals decide what information should be provided to the public based on what earns them the most money. _(Andrejevic M, 2007)_ The _News.com.au_ article on _MySpace_ appears in the National News section and describes the firm grasp and incredible influence the social networking site, established in 2003, has on the internet and throughout the business world. The article is saturated with references to the innovations and stunning success of _MySpace_. For example the opening sentence reads Social networking website _MySpace_ has more than 115 million members around the world and already plays a key role in launching music careers, political campaigns and the way people communicate in general. _(Gadd M, 2007)_ At this point a discerning reader should recall that _News Corp_ bought _MySpace_ from its co founders Tom Anderson and Chris DeWolfe in July 2005. _(Malick O, 2006)_ The propaganda model developed by Edwards S Herman and Noam Chomsky asserts that information presented to the general public via mainstream media outlets will be biased in relation to the interests of the multinational organisations or media conglomerates that own them. _(Herman Chomsky, 1988)_ By publishing an article promoting the dominant discourse that _MySpace_ is a popular, thriving production with unlimited potential, _News Limited_ are encouraging awareness of the website, which in turn provides it with traffic and publicity. Since _News Corp_ owns _MySpace_ and is a holding company for _News Limited_, this is a chief example of the  propaganda model and reinforces the political economy theory that media content is affected by media owners. The positive language used in the article demonstrates the power of linguistic controls in promoting a discourse. The writers of the article use phrases such as its just the tip of the ice berg _(Gadd M, 2007)_ to imply there is a wealth of possibilities for _MySpace_ to accomplish. The website is described as a platform for individuals to express themselves and socialise. _(Gadd M, 2007)_ This quote is relevant to todays society as ideas of non-conformity, individuality and creativity are attractive to todays youth. Of all the quotes available from the interviews with the co founders, there is a deliberate choice on behalf of _News.com.au_ to feature words such as emerging, prominent, innovate, and evolve that connote ideas of positive change and progression. This gives the impression that _MySpace_ is at the forefront of the online social networking phenomenon with millions of individuals flocking to be involved. These terms are deliberately chosen by _News Limited_ to appeal to advertisers who wish for their products to be seen and purchased by the trend-setters in society, and this will consequently benefit its parent, _News Corp_. The article also suggests the potential power MySpace has for advertisers in the future. Mr DeWolfe said mobile advertising would be a lucrative fund source and video would take a more prominent place in the way people communicated and shared their art. _(Gadd M, 2007)_ It should be noted that _News Corp.,_ along with other media conglomerates, is ultimately a commercial organisation. By using _News Limited_s article to draw attention to the incredible infiltration ratio of _MySpace_ (four million unique accounts in Australia, and 50% of all internet users in America) _News Corp_ is securing advertisers interest in _MySpace_. The statement by Walt Disney Corporation CEO, Michael Eisner, is particularly powerful in demonstrating the reality of what drives media conglomerates: We have no obligation to make history. We have no obligation to make art. We have no obligation to make a statement. To make money is our only objective. _(Andrejevic M, 2007)_ Newspapers, TV networks and magazines rely on advertisers to finance their business, so to encourage advertisers to buy space in their publication they commodify and promote their audiences. According to Dallas Smythe audiences are bought by advertisers on the basis on income, age, sex, ethnic and class specifications. _(Stevenson N, 2002:10-11)_ Rupert Murdoch outlined his plans for the future of _MySpace_ in a 2006 interview at the Citigroup Entertainment, Media and Telecommunications Conference. He revealed that an instant messenger client with voice capabilities, increased worldwide penetration, and free video downloads were in the works. (The free video downloads have been successfully incorporated into the website since the interview.) Following this, Mr Murdoch said Weve got the biggest mass of unsold inventory. We have the third most page views of the Internet in America, and explained that _News Corp_ had met with advertising networks to judge whether they can sell it better than we can. _(Burns E, 2006)_ In conclusion, the political economy theory, which highlights the a link between ownership and †¦ content of media production _(Stevenson N, 2002: 41)_, can be applied to the _News.com.au_ article about _MySpace_ to reveal how much ownership, among other things, can affect the information the public receives from mass media outlets. As demonstrated in the way that _News Limited_ portrayed _MySpace_ in a positive light for the economic benefit of its parent firm _News Corp,_ it is important for audiences to be aware of the political economy theory, and to detect not only bias but the possible reasons behind such bias in media texts they consume. BIBLIOGRAPHY Andrejevic M (2007) _The Mass Media: A Political Economic Approach._ Lecture slides for JOUR2211 Week 2. Available from https://my.uq.edu.au/blackboard_frame.html Accessed on 12/08/07 Burns E (2006) _Murdoch discusses future of MySpace.com._ Available from Accessed on 10/08/07 Gadd M (2007) _Skys the limit for MySpace._ Available from Accessed on 10/08/07 Herman E S and Chomsky, Noam. (1988) _Manufacturing Consent: the Political Economy of the Mass Media_. New York: Pantheon Books Malick O (2006) _Why Murdoch Really Bought MySpace._ Available Accessed on 11/02/03 McQuail D (2002) _McQuails Reader in Mass Communication Theory._ Sage publications. Stevenson N (2002) Understanding Media Cultures: Social Theory and Mass Communication. Sage publications. pp10-11

A Guide to MADD Sites Essay -- Drunk Driving Essays

A Guide to MADD Sites â€Å"In 2001, more than half a million people were injured in crashes where police reported that alcohol was present — an average of one person injured approximately every 2 minutes† (Blincoe qtd. in MADD main). â€Å"In 2002, an estimated 17,419 people died in alcohol–related traffic crashes—an average of one every 30 minutes. These deaths constitute 41 percent of the 42,815 total traffic fatalities [in America]† (NHTSA qtd. in MADD main). From these statistics, it is clear to see that drunk driving is a serious issue that harms thousands of innocent American citizens. Although there are many organizations that address the issue of drinking and driving, MADD, Mothers Against Drunk Driving, is the most successful, as a group of citizens, in fulfilling their mission. It is ironic that the MADD organization was founded because of one person’s anger. Reports show that in 1979, Cindi Lamb and her five and a half old month daughter, Laura, were in a car accident involving a drunk driver. Their car was hit head on by a repeat drunk driving offender who was traveling at 120 miles per hour. As a result, Laura became one of the world’s youngest quadriplegics. This event prompted Lamb to start a war against drunk driving in her home state of Maryland (Lord qtd. in MADD main). On the west coast, less than a year later, 13-year-old Cari Lightner was killed by a drunk driver. According the article, the driver was released on bail for a hit-and-run drunk driving crash two days prior. In addition to this offense, the driver had two prior drunk driving convictions with a third offense for reckless accident. Despite all of these charges, he was still driving around with a valid ... ...ly up to the individual. Works Cited Blincoe, Seay et al. â€Å"Stats & Resources- General Statistics.† (2002). 4 Oct. 2003 . Lord, Janice. â€Å"Really MADD Looking Back at 20 Years.† DRIVEN Magazine. 27 Sept. 2003. Spring 2002 . Mothers Against Drunk Driving- Canada Chapter. â€Å"MADD Home Page.† (2003). 27 Sept. 2003 . Mothers Against Drunk Driving-Official Site. â€Å"MADD Home Page.† (2003). 27 Sept. 2003 . Mothers Against Drunk Driving- Orange County Chapter. â€Å"MADD Home Page.† (2003). 27 Sept. 2003 . National Highway and Traffic Administration. â€Å"Stats & Resources- General Statistics.† (2003) 3 Oct. 2003 .

The Role of Mythology in A Tale of Two Cities

â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† by Charles Dickens is one of the most debated and criticized novels of his career. This novel was produced in Dickens' transition stage and is considered to be trivial, poorly written, and structured. Dickens would go on to write â€Å"Great Expectations† and â€Å"Our Mutual Friends†. These novels were highlights in the bulk of his work and continue, today, to inspire authors and readers. A close reading of â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† reveals a number of intricacies and themes which are overlooked during the initial reading.One of the most interesting of these motifs is the present of myth and more specifically the extremes of human nature. Dickens, in â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† uses mythology, duplicity of the motherly matriarch, and symbolism to demonstration the universal human experience of good versus evil. Setting is of incredible importance in â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† and takes place in the cities of Lo ndon and Paris. It is London which is represented as the hub of new thought and freedom. London contrasts strikingly with Paris which is overrun by the cruel aristocracy.It is within Dickens' articulate and vivid descriptions of both cities that the true them of this novel is revealed. This can been seen in the opening dialog of the book which shows images of â€Å"Light†/†Darkness,† â€Å"Heaven†/Hell, â€Å"good†/†evil† (1). Each city represents an extreme, good or evil, that has existed in the world since the beginning of time. This duplicity is continued in the two female characters through which much of the action within the novel is inspired. Lucie Manette and Madame Defarge are female characters that represent one of the two motherly matriarchs.Lucie Manette is benevolence personified and her double, Madame Defarge is malevolent. It is the struggle between these two women which brings about the good and bad that occur in the story. Just as this universal conflict has brought change throughout history. Dickens uses two specific mythologic imagery to support this motif – weaving and knitting. In the title of the second book, The Golden Thread, is when Lucie becomes associated with with weaving. Lucie is said to have golden hair and is the â€Å"thread† which holds her family together.She is dedicated to the greater good of her family and society. She nurtures all the people in her life and through this profound commitment she brings about one of the greatest transformation in literature. Carton begins this novel as an indolence and indifferent man with no direction and no values. However, through the love of Lucie he finds his purpose in life and dies a hero who will forever be embedded in the hearts and minds of those he died for. She nurses her father back to health both mentally and spiritually.She is ultimately responsible for creating a new country, building France into a strong nation with i s based not on oppression but the open sharing of ideas and the inclusion of all people. Weaving has always been associated with women, throughout history. It is implied that women weave the web of life. The Fates, the sisters who were said to determine fate in mythology were weavers and Dickens' does a good job of making the parallel to good mothers like Isis and Demeter, The second extreme of female matriarchs is that of Madame Defrage. She does not weave but she does knit.She wishes not to nurture but to destroy. Madame Defrage knits a list of the people she thinks should die when the new powers are established in France. She is so dedicated to the cause that she wants to win at any cost. She is associated with The Furies from mythology who were women who applied tortures to condemned souls. They were associated with vengeance and The Furies are personified in Madame Defrage. Through the characters of Lucie and Madame Defrage Dickens' links universal struggle of good and evil, an d mythological matriarchs through imagery.Lucie and her weaving is associated with light, life, and warmth. While Madame Defrage and her knitting are associated with darkness, death, and revenge. Through the integration of these images Dickens' makes â€Å"A Tale of Two Cities† not just a novel for entertainment but a real literary work which takes on one of the most universal themes known to mankind. I agree with this criticism. One of the first things I noticed was the mythological hints within the text. Madame Defrage is definitely evil and this is represented in her knitting.Knitting involves â€Å"cutting†, â€Å"pointing†, and â€Å"tearing†. â€Å"The fingers of the knitting women were vicious, with the experience that they could tear† (220). Madame Defrage even yells at her husband because he feels kindness toward to Lucie. Lucie is again and again seen as good. â€Å"Ever busily winding the golden thread that bound them together, weaving the service of her happy influence through the tissue of all their lives, and making it predominate nowhere, Lucie heard in the echoes of years none but friendly and soothing sounds† (209). During Darnay's trial Lucie is seen as a golden angel.I think that critics were extremely hard on Dickens for this novel. It was a book that was overlooked for many years as being badly written, poorly structured, and a literature for the masses. However, as you can see, after you really take the time to read and understanding the text there are several complex themes and motifs that Dickens takes on in a very subtle way. Perhaps Dickens wanted a novel that was both fun and also profound. He was comfortable enough with his writing skills to understand that for his messages to get across to the reader that he must first interest the reader.

Answers to queries on Orwell’s 1984 Essay

In the essay Why I Write, Orwell explained that all the serious work he wrote since the Spanish Civil War in 1936 were â€Å"written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism. † (Orwell, 5) What can you add by looking at his life and his mental state when writing the novel? The author wrote the novel in 1947–1948 while critically ill with tuberculosis. The writer himself wrote about the stages of his life leading to the period when he wrote the novel: First I spent five years in an unsuitable profession (the Indian Imperial Police, in Burma), and then I underwent poverty and the sense of failure. This increased my natural hatred of authority and made me for the first time fully aware of the existence of the working classes, and the job in Burma had given me some understanding of the nature of imperialism: but these experiences were not enough to give me an accurate political orientation. Then came Hitler, the Spanish Civil War, etc. By the end of 1935 I had still failed to reach a firm decision (on political position)†¦. † (Orwell, 6 parenthetical interpretation mine. ) What was the world like in 1949 (the immediate post-WW II era) in terms of politics, economics, and particularly the media? After Allied victory, two opposing world views and ideology—capitalism ( that termed itself democracy) and socialism (that called itself the democracy of the working class) characterized the previously unified Allied Forces, the former led by  America, on the latter by the Soviet Union. The two worlds have polarized economic systems: capitalism (which espoused free enterprise) and socialism (which espoused economic central planning). The two blocks also had opposing media philosophy: the so-called free libertarian press, in the tradition of the US revolution, and that of the Marxian school which saw media as the tool of the socialist revolution. This was the cold war era, and the world was politically bipolar: the United States and the Soviet Union were the superpowers. Orwell’ s once mighty Britain had become an impoverished crumbling has-been, even as its newspapers were reporting false triumphs. When he wrote 1984, Orwell saw the betrayal and perversion of socialist ideals in his country, and his hope of â€Å"English Socialism† had crashed. The novel is aimed primarily as a critique against totalitarianism. But what kind? As his dream of â€Å"English Socialism† turned into a monstrous ideology of oppression, Orwell saw its dehumanization even as its source model has become oppressors of the Soviet nations. Many of the characters in the novel in fact are believed to be depicting real figures from the Soviet Union. He was focused on the British socialists but obviously he had the Soviet politburo in mind as well. And he was obviously sure the British-American partnership would be heading towards the same direction. Why is the novel perhaps even more relevant than it when it was first written Al Gore in his Assault on Reason panned against us present-day Americans in our failure to oppose Bush when he led us to a baseless war against Iraq, against the advice of his own policymakers and using fabricated lies. Through the power of the media and the arousal of fear in us, our leader and his media spinners led us to embrace his war without us raising a whimper. (Gore, 2007; Bossard, 2007) He also warned us against any future effort to gag the internet, in the manner China is now doing it—arguing that the internet is our last hope of interactive democratic dialogues through which an informed nation can guard itself against the media and other manipulative technologies of a ruling demagogue. There have been many instances when even the most intelligent of nations have een misled by their leaders—the example of Hitler for the German people, and the recent example of the Philippines (1986) where a dictator ruled for 30 years until a unified people power ended a despotic rule, incidentally American-supported. Initially, warnings of intellectuals like Orwell may be voices in the wilderness in, but as proven by world events, at the appointed time nations would heed them, and people will move against their oppressors. Tell me why you think the novel can be used to teach students about media, history, and what we think we know. What does the book teach us about how to respond to political campaigns and advertising? What does it say about us? Against the backdrop of experience, the novel tells us how revolutions devour their sons and fail their fathers. But what Orwell warns against is the use of our skills as media men in the overall scheme of Big Brother. In the novel, the main character Winston Smith, was a revisionist writer of history who wrote it according to the whim of Big Brother’s officialdom. The propaganda machines of Big Brother were staffed by media professionals. Media churns out materials tainted by political motives. Media people are potential instruments of oppression and deceit. Lastly, how is the novel truthful, original, and human? In Why I Write Orwell said : â€Å"(I write )†¦. because there is some lie that I want to expose, some fact to which I want to draw attention, and my initial concern is to get a hearing. † (p. 5) Yevgeny Zamyatin’s novel We was a primary influence for 1984. He also included the following as influences of the novel: Darkness at Noon and The Yogi and the Commissar by Arthur Kostner, The Iron Heel (1908) by Jack London, among other books. (Shelden, 1991) Surname 5 The humanity in this novel rests in its vigorous warning against falling into the trap that will lead humanity to the nightmare of 1984. The inhumanity of its characters ironically dramatically aroused a fear in us, so we its readers recoil in the lost of such human sensibility — which the novel helped recover for us, in its aspiration for a society of equals where people are human beings and not Big Brother robots.

Mango pulp Essays

Mango pulp Essays Mango pulp Essay Mango pulp Essay Hilly terrain of the Shadier is ideal for cashew and mango plantation, Wallet Patti is best suited to payday, Angina and horticultural plantation and in Gallatin Patti, coconut, recants and alphorns mango, spices oakum and other minor fruits is concentrated. Horticulture and fishing are the main sources Three major soil types in SIR are I) Literate and laterality soils -These soils are sandy clay loam to clay in texture, and hence are susceptible to erosion. These soils are acidic, fairly well supplied with organic carbon and total nitrogen. The available phosphorus content is low. The available potassium content is variable. The soils are suitable for cultivation of payday, millets and horticultural crops like mango, cashew and minor fruits like oakum, awl, Cajun and Kiwifruit etc. (ii) Coastal alluvial soils -These soils are derived from trap and are found on the banks of river/creek in low-lying areas. These soils are clay loam to loam in texture. Iii) Coastal saline soils Mostly found in the vicinity of the sea coast. These soils are highly saline, in spite of heavy rainfall. The texture of the coastal saline soils in this region is sandy loams to sandy clay loam. These soils are most suitable for growing coconut and recants crop. Also some salt tolerant payday varieties are grown in this soil. 6. CLIMATE AND RAINFALL Due to nearness of the Arabian sea, the climate of the whole region is humid. The humidity of the region ranges from 60 percent in summer season to about 90 percent in rainy season. The minimum and maximum temperature of the region ranges teen 150 C to ICC during the various reasons of the year. The rainfall is the most dominant weather parameter that influences plant growth and and crop production. The South Oaken Region receives, on an average , annual assured rainfall of 3000 to 3500 mm from south west monsoon during the months of June to September. Generally, highest rainfall in this region is recorded in the month of July. The intensity of the rainfall goes on increasing from sea shore to Shadier ranges. The warm and humid climatic conditions are quite favorable for horticulture. Water is abundant in this region due to heavy rainfall. Considering hilly rack of this region, most important problem is preservation of rain water. 7. Especially Mamba maw, Mamba Poll (Mango Chapatti), Ambrosia (naturally dried mall sized mango pieces), Anchor (Mango Powder), Pants Poll Kiwifruit Chapatti), Kiwifruit Crispy Chips, Oakum Syrup, Oakum Gal, Karri Peahen, Gumball Juice, Mango Squash, Awl Juice, Measles (dried Oakum rind), Awl Supers, Mango Pickles and Chilly Pickles and herbal extracts etc. 10. Nutritive Value Fruits and vegetables products have been regarded as the natural nutritive materials which provide almost all the essential nutritional elements to consumers for their daily routine and hard work. They supply carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibers, mineral matter, vitamins, hormones and other materials which are needed by the human odd to perform certain functions. Fruits Processing Industry provides wholesome, safe and nutritious food throughout the year. 11. Variation in Quality Fruits in SIR are of variety quality. First quality fruits are generally purchased for fresh consumption and some secondary quality fruits or fruits damaged by adverse weather condition or damaged in transport or by any other reason which are eatable but not fresh such fruits can be used for processing purpose. 2. Growth of other Industries SIR is developing industrially and it is encouraging for the development of fruits processing industry in this region. Many other industries are flourishing here which are supplementary to fruits processing industry; these are machines, tools, equipments, packing and packaging, transportation, warehousing, chain of retailers, wholesalers and distributors and many o ther industries directly indirectly involved in this business. 13. Employment Generation Fruits Processing Industry and other ancillary industries generate employment for the local people. Especially processing of fruits and vegetables is year round activity which provides employment opportunities to the people throughout the year. 14. Empowerment of Women Our government has given emphasis on women empowerment through various schemes and programmed. Home scale and cottage fruits processing units managed by Self Help Groups are increasing. Numbers of government and non-government organizations are providing entrepreneurship development programmed and micro 15. Environment Protection Fruits processing industry is environment friendly and pollution free. Horticultural development will be helpful in maintaining ecological balance of the region. 16. Government Schemes and subsidies Various schemes under MOP, APED, National Horticulture Board, National Horticulture Mission, INBOARD, provide assistance for infrastructural development, capital investment, technological pagination , quality testing and improvement, R , entrepreneurship development, fund raising, marketing and Human resource development. Export promotion through GAZE and SEE, EPIC scheme, reliefs in Excise and Custom duty, tax exemptions etc. Rate environment for investment in this sector. 17. Dry. Bleaches Sonant Oaken Shirks Vapidity Various Shirks(Agricultural) colleges are located in different parts of this region for imparting scientific knowledge and for providing technology to the inhabitants to improve their agricultural practices. Researches and developments done by BASKS professors and students are helpful to find out new species of horticultural plants, cultivat ion and irrigation methods and also useful for processors to discover new innovative products and processes. 18.

Calculating Osmotic Pressure With an Example Problem

Calculating Osmotic Pressure With an Example Problem The osmotic pressure of a solution is the minimum amount of pressure needed to prevent water from flowing into it across a semipermeable membrane. Osmotic pressure also reflects how readily water can enter the solution via osmosis, as across a cell membrane. For a dilute solution, osmotic pressure obeys a form of the ideal gas law and can be calculated provided  you know the concentration of the solution and the temperature. Osmotic Pressure Problem What is the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by adding 13.65 g of sucrose (C12H22O11) to enough water to make 250 mL of solution at 25  °C?Solution:Osmosis and osmotic pressure are related. Osmosis is the flow of a solvent into a solution through a semipermeable membrane. Osmotic pressure is the pressure that stops the process of osmosis. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property of a substance since it depends on the concentration of the solute and not its chemical nature.Osmotic pressure is expressed by the formula:ÃŽ   iMRT (note how it resembles the PV nRT form of the Ideal Gas Law)whereÃŽ   is the osmotic pressure in atmi van t Hoff factor of the soluteM molar concentration in mol/LR universal gas constant 0.08206 L ·atm/mol ·KT absolute temperature in K Step 1,Find the Concentration of Sucrose To do this, look up the atomic weights of the elements in the compound:From the periodic table:C 12 g/molH 1 g/molO 16 g/mol Use the atomic weights to find the molar mass of the compound. Multiply the subscripts in the formula times the atomic weight of the element. If there is no subscript, it means one atom is present.molar mass of sucrose 12(12) 22(1) 11(16)molar mass of sucrose 144 22 176molar mass of sucrose 342nsucrose 13.65 g x 1 mol/342 gnsucrose 0.04 molMsucrose nsucrose/VolumesolutionMsucrose 0.04 mol/(250 mL x 1 L/1000 mL)Msucrose 0.04 mol/0.25 LMsucrose 0.16 mol/L Step 2,Find absolute temperature Remember, absolute temperature is always given in Kelvin. If the temperature is given in Celsius or Fahrenheit, convert it to Kelvin. T  °C 273T 25 273T 298 K Step 3,Determine the van t Hoff factor Sucrose does not dissociate in water; therefore the van t Hoff factor 1. Step 4,Find the Osmotic Pressure To find the osmotic pressure, plug the values into the equation. ÃŽ   iMRTÃŽ   1 x 0.16 mol/L x 0.08206 L ·atm/mol ·K x 298 KÃŽ   3.9 atmAnswer:The osmotic pressure of the sucrose solution is 3.9 atm. Tips for Solving Osmotic Pressure Problems The biggest issue when solving the problem is knowing the vant Hoff factor and using the correct units for terms in the equation. If a solution dissolves in water (e.g., sodium chloride), its necessary to either have the vant Hoff factor given or else look it up. Work in units of atmospheres for pressure, Kelvin for temperature, moles for mass, and liters for volume. Watch significant figures if unit conversions are required.

Tax Law & Accounting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tax Law & Accounting - Research Paper Example The main objective is to simplify the rulings of previous tax laws with a purpose that supporting government operations will remain. However, the emerging of additional objectives that deals with the unfair imposition of income tax, and specialized economic objectives have made the structure of modern tax laws complicated. Many have expressed amazement and frustration with regard to the substantial complexity of tax laws, particularly in the ambiguity of tax requirements to the taxpayer. Instead of creating a comprehensive system for people to be honest in their tax liability, the system has provided the people/entities an excuse not to be honest. Tax is considered as an enforced contribution to the government which can be direct or indirect. Those taxes that are imposed to individuals with income and to legal entities like corporations are called direct tax while those that are financially charged through commodities are known as indirect tax. Taxes derived from income are determined through different effective rates which are imposed to all constituents throughout the world by subnational entities such as federal, state, and local governments. Based on the United States Constitution, the â€Å"power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and exercises, to pay the debts and provide the common defenses and general welfare of the United States† is vested to the Congress (â€Å"United States Constitution,† n.d.). Furthermore, tax statutes are created to make certain that U.S. tax setting and features will be in uniformed with other jurisdictions, and inequalities of tax burden will be avoided. The history of th e U.S. tax system has marked significant changes just to make the system fairer, simpler, and more consistent to all American taxpayers. This is also to further restrict the old yet growing tax evasion and tax avoidance strategies. These problems have pushed the idea that tax statutes should be construed strictly such as the passage of the 16th Amendment in 1913 and the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (Webley et al., 1991, p. 135). These ratifications are the forerunners of modern income tax statutes which are said to be complicated and economically harmful to individuals and businesses (â€Å"Fact Sheets: Taxes,† n.d.). This paper will address the objectives of modern income tax statutes, comparing and contrasting the GAAP and tax accounting, and finally how to differentiate between tax avoidance and tax evasion. Objectives of Modern Income Tax Statutes U.S. tax system is said to be fairly well-defined when taxation of income has been modified. By using the ability tax theory, the go vernment has given its constituents a practicable taxation system. However, modern income tax statutes enacted in 1913 appeared so highly complicated that cannot be understood by all taxpayers (Wilson, n.d.). According to Witte (1985), â€Å"the original modern income tax statutes passed in 1913 was a combination of earlier federal laws, state statutes, and the Britis income tax† (p. 246). Indeed, the scope has been broader and the degree of tax rates has increased wherein many have commented that this is the worst kind of tax. Many have asked if the objectives of imposing higher tax rates to low-income individuals and small business, reduction of exemptions, and continuing federal income tax, stipulated in modern tax laws are still constitutional. The government justified the scenario and said that there is no difference between modern tax laws and the earlier laws, because the former are seeking for the same objectives, and this is to raise government revenue to finance ope rations (Herrmann, 2002, p. 19). Despite of such argument, the economic objectives of modern laws are economically harmful not just to the employment of individuals but also to business operations. According to Webley et al.

The Experiment That Use Heat Loss plus Heat Gain of a Given Substance Lab Report

The Experiment That Use Heat Loss plus Heat Gain of a Given Substance and Also the Given Phenomenon of Specific Heat in the Laboratory - Lab Report Example The paper tells that a mass of a given metal block got weighed then a piece of twine like 30 cm long became attached to it. Then the block became lowered into a steam boiler. The boiler then had half filled water.   As the water got heated to boil, the mass of an empty calorimeter got measured. The calorimeter got filled two-thirds with water that was several degrees colder compared to room temperature. Then the mass of both water and calorimeter became measured. In the experiment, an outer cap became placed around the calorimeter to prevent heat loss from it when it becomes warmer than room temperature. In the experiment, the two metals used became copper and Iron. The mass of copper and iron became 269.53g and 230.80g respectively upon weighing. The mass of calorimeter used became 46.13g. The mass of calorimeter added water for Iron was slightly more than that of copper. In starting with an original temperature for the calorimeter plus water at 21.9 degrees, in dipping the blocks of metal, the final temperature dipped with copper became 30.4 degrees while for iron became 30.1 degrees. In calculating the specific heat of solid for the two experiments, an error of 0.006cal/g-degrees became found for copper while an error of 0.003cal/g-degrees became recorded for Iron. Therefore, iron recorded a percentage error of 2.86% from the accepted value while copper recorded a percentage error of 6.45%.